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Coxwell & Associates Hancock County Mississippi

HANCOCK COUNTY, MISSISSIPPI 

Hancock County, Mississippi was established in 1812 from the Mobile District, named in honor of John Hancock. The County Seat, Bay St. Louis, was incorporated in 1817—the first city incorporated in the state, although at that time, Bay St. Louis was called Shieldsborough (the name was changed in 1882 to Bay St. Louis). Bay St. Louis also has the distinction of being the third-oldest city on the Gulf Coast. In the first Hancock County Census, the population was about 1600, with the majority of laborers in the county working in manufacturing and commerce, rather than agriculture. By 1840, Hancock County had ten sawmills, as well as a hotel and a number of boarding houses—the county was beginning to develop a reputation as a tourist destination.

By 1850, Hancock County continued to lag behind in agriculture, ranking last in the state in cotton production, second-to-last in corn, and third-to-last in livestock. By 1880, Hancock and Harrison Counties had the highest proportions of immigrants in Mississippi as French, English, and German immigrants called the area home. In the early 1880s, the Louisville and Nashville Railroad purchased the coastal track, linking the Mississippi Gulf Coast and New Orleans. As the gambling infrastructure grew, Bay St. Louis quickly became a popular resort area for residents of New Orleans. The next few decades saw the population of Hancock County grow rapidly, reaching nearly 12,000 residents by 1900. By 1900, however, Hancock County had yet to catch up to the rest of the state agriculturally. Hancock remained a trading and industrial county, with only 530 farms.

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